Chapter S2  Space and Time

 

 

Special Relativity

 

         Einstein in 1905  [General Relativity in 1915]

 

How do we see motion?   position

 

Relative motion.   But the speed of light is the same.

 

Thought experiments

Slow 1   2  relative motion

Fast  1   2 (contradiction!)

 

The RULES

 

1.       The laws of nature are the same for all inertial reference frames

 

2.      The speed of light is the same for everyone

 

 

Why can’t you go faster than light?

 

Time dilation   slow    fast

 

Do things happen at the same time?  It depends.

 

Length contraction

 

Mass dilation

 

Velocity addition

 

 

If we are going to give up ‘common sense’, it had better fit the observations.

         Particle decay

         Atomic clocks

         Binary stars

         Observation of events

 

 

Twin paradox